;Eo hfltsf] ;Eo ;df
สมาคมไทย-เนปาลี
yfO–g]kfnL ;+3 s]Gb|
Thai-Nepali Association
Thailand

2010
केन्द्र शाखा तथा उपशाखा समितिहरूको
पद, परिचय, जानकारी

भूमिका

hxfF xfd|f] g]kfnL ;+:sf/ / ;+:s[lt afFR5 ToxfF g]kfn / g]kfnLx?sf] cl:tTj afFlr/xG5 . yfONof08sf] भूlddf g]kfnLx?sf] Oltxf; *) jif{ eGbf पु/fgf] cनुdfg ug{ ;lsG5, g]kfnL ;dfhnfO{ dfof ub}{, g]kfnL ;+:sf/nfO{ ljb]zL ynf]df arfpg nflu u/]sf lt cu|hx?sf] afहुansf] cys k|of; ;Fu}, ;fdflhs ;]jfnfO{ dgaf6, sd{af6 / efjgf b]lv g} hug]{gf sb/ ub}{ xfn yfO g]kfnLx?sf] t];|f] पु:tfdf yf gfu/Ls ;/xsf] hLjg ofkg rnL/x]sf]5 ljleGg ;do / ljleGg kl/e]if cनु?k yfONof08df g]kfnLx?sf] a:tL aSnLb}+ uO/x]sf] kl/l:ylt nfO{ मुNofªsg u/L g]kfnL मुnsf g]kfnLx?sf] c:tLTjnfO{ bl/nf] / sfod/fVg aiff}{ b]lv ;fdflhs efjgf ePsf, ;dfhsf uGo dfGo / ;dfhsf cu|hx?n] ljleGg tl/sfn] k|of;x? klg ub}{ cfO/x]sf 5g\ . g]kfnL ;+:sf/df cfwf/Lt wd{, ;+:sf/ / ;+:s[lt arfpg cfk\mg} d]xgt / kl;gfsf] ann] ljleGg ?kdf ;+ul7t हुFb} g]kfnL ;dfhsf] ?kdf d7, dlGb/, r}To, wd{zfnf / Wofg lzlj/x? vf]Nb} klg cfO/x]sf 5g\ eg] cfk\mgf cfk\mg} l/lt cनु;f/ ljleGg rf8 kj{ dfGb} / dgfpb} cfO/x]sf klg 5g\ . k|jf;df a;]klg km/s km/s kl/e]ifdf cfk\mgf] ;+:sf/sf] ;+/If0f ug]{ k|of;df ljlrGg sfdx? ePtf klg ;a} g]kfnLx? Pstfsf] ?kdf ;+ul7t हुनु k5{ eGg] efjgf ;a}df knfO;s]sf] 5 .
cfh yfONof08df a;f]af; ug]{ g]kfnL मुnsf g]kfnLx? krf; xhf/ eGbf dfly eO;s]sf]n], ;a}nfO{ ;+ul7t ?kdf ;+:sf/, ;+:s[lt / g]kfnL efiff lzIff k|lt;r]tu/f OljljetfnfO{ Pstfagfpनु kg]{ / x/]s hg hfltx?nfO{ cfk\mgf] k/Dk/fsf] dxशु; u/fpनु kg]{ cfhsf] k|मुv cfjZostf xf] . ;a}nfO{ ;+u7gdf NofO{ l;+uf] ;dfhsf] ?k lbनु g} xfdL g]kfnLx?sf] c:tLTjsf] lrgf/L aGनु xf], To;}n] ;a}nfO{ ;a} If]qaf6 ;d]6\g ;dfhsf] cu|hx?sf] g} k|मुv bfloTj / st{Jo /xg] हुFbf lttf / ld7f cनुej / cनुभूltnfO{ cfTdf;fy ub}{ cfO/xनु ePsf lqj]0fL मुलुssf ljlzi6 JolQmx?sf] ;f]rfO / ljrf/sf] ;+of]un], ;a}sf] nflu, ;w}+sf] nflu ;Eo hfltsf] ;Eo ;dfh egL yfONof08sf] a}+ssdf klxnf] k6s ;Dपू0f{ b]zsf ;Dपू0f{ g]kfnL ;dfhsf ljlzi6 JolQmTjx?, ljleGg ;dfh tyf ;+:yfx? / ;dfhsf] ljz]if efljsfo{ of]hgf ;lxt ;dfhsf] cu|hx?sf] dfGotf, ljz]if ;Nnfx / ;xof]un] nueu ;a}sf] pkl:yltdf of] yfO g]kfnL युjf hfu[lt ;+:yf a}+ss, yfONof08sf] ljz]if kxndf yfO g]kfnL ;++3sf] gfdaf6 yfO g]kfnL ;dfhsf] lgdf{0f @! gf]j]Da/ @)!) sf lbg a}+ss yfONof08df ul/Psf] xf] .
yfONof08sf] kl/j]ifdf सुxfpg] u/L, o;sf] sfo{ of]hgfnfO{ :ki6, ;/n / k/flsnf] agfO yfO ;/sf/ leq /x]sf dfGotf cनु;f/sf] lgod sfनुg leq /lx cfk\mg} ljwfg cनु?k o;sf sfo{x?nfO{ lj:tf/ ub}{ ;a} ju{, hflt, wd{, ;+:sf/ / ;+:s[ltnfO{ arfpg] k|of;df o;} ;+3df cfwfl/t zfvf, pkzfvf tyf ljefux?df sfo{ ljefhg u/L ;a}sf] /Iffsf] nflu kb}{ /xनु g} of] ;dfhsf] मुVo nIo /x]sf]5 .

;+3sf] p2]Zo

;fdflhs bfOTj g} o; ;+:yfsf] st{JO /x]sf]n] yfONof08df पु/fgf] eO a;f]af; ub}{ cfO/xनु ePsf] yfO g]knLx?, DofGdfaf6 sfdsf] lznl;nfdf of Jofkf/sf] lznl;nfdf /xनु ePsf] adf{ g]kfnLx? / g]kfnaf6 sfd / Jofkf/sf] lznl;nfdf cfpनु ePsf] g]kfnL / ;Dपू0f{ g]kfnL नुnsf g]kfnLx?sf] दुMv, cfkt ljktsf] nflu k|ToIf ;xof]u ub}{ g]kfnL hftL leq ljBdfg /x]sf ljleGg ju{, hftL, wd{, ;+:sf/ / ;+:s[lt x?sf] ;Ddfg, plrt ;+/If0f, ;+jw{g uनु{ / कुg} klg t/Lsfaf6 g]kfnL ;+:sf/nfO{ eflj ;Gtltx? df ljsfz ub}{ nUg o; ;+3n] ljleGg sfo{ of]hgf agfO ;dfhdf लागु ug]{5 .
yfONof08df ljleGg If]qdf a;f]af; uनु{ ePsf ;Dपू0f{ g]kfnLx?nfO{ ;d]6\g], ;a}nfO{ ;+u7gdf Nofpg] / ;a{nfO{ ;a} lt/af6 oyf;So ;xof]u ub}{ /xg] k/Dk/f a;fO o;nfO{ :yfoLTj lbg ;w} nfuL kg]{5 . ;+3sf] sfo{If]q ljzfn/ km/flsnnf] kfg{sf] nflu g]kfnLx?sf] ;a} ;+:yf, ;dfhnfO{ s]Gb|Lo s/0f u/L, 5ftfsf] ?k lbO To;} g]kfnL ;dfhsf] 5q 5fFofdf If]qut ?kdf zfvf, pkzfvf, k|zfvf / ljefux? agfO{ b]z e/L g} cfk\mgf] sfo{ of]hgf lj:tf/ ub}{ ljleGg ;+3, ;+:yfx? ;Fu b]lzo / cGt/ /fli6«o If]qdf klg k|tIo jf ck|tIo ?kdf ;DaGw lj:tf/ ub}{ nUg]5 .

;+3sf] मूल ;ldlt / zfvf lar ;+u7gsf] ;+/rgf

;+3 मूल ;ldlt ;+u7gsf] ;+/rgf / kbef/

;+3nfO{ ;+:yfut ?kdf a}wflgstf lbgsf] nflu / ;+u7Lt kfg]{ p2]Zo cनु?k ldlt @!–(–@)!) sf lbg lqmof lzn ;b:ox?nfO{ lgDg tl/sfaf6 jlu{s/0f u/L Ps sfo{sfn –दुइ jif{_ sf] nflu kbef/x? klg k|bfg u/LPsf] 5 .

s_ ;+/Ifs ;ldlt ;b:ox?M
!_ >L 8]lj8 vgfn -a}+ss_
@_ >LdtL ef/tL lnDबुgL -a}+ss_
#_ >L dfOnf cfrfo{ -d];6_
$_ >L /d]z xdfn -a++}ss_
%_ >L पुर्ण /fh e08f/L -a}+ss_

lqmoflzn मुल s]Gb|Lo ;+3 ;b:ox? / kbef/

मुल s]Gb|Lo ;+3 ;ldltsf ljefux? / ljefuLo k|मुvx?

मुल s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf ljefluo ;ldltx?

!_ दुMv lgjf/0f ljefu
x/]s k|sf/sf दुMv, d/f]k/f], cfu nfuL, दु/36gf, PlS;8]G6 tyf c:ktfn r8]sf lj/fdLx?sf] olb 3/kl/jf/ af6 ;xof]u ug{ ;Sg] l:ylt 5}g / cfkmGtx? klg 5}g eg] ltgL x?sf] p3f/sf] nflu of] ljefun] पु0f{ t/Lsfn] k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ?kdf ;]jf सुljwf पु¥ofpg] 5 .

@_ dlxnf ;+u7g ljefu
;fdfhLs मुNo / dfGotf cनु;f/ dlxf nfO{ cfwf zlStsf] ?kdf lnOg] ul/G5 / ;dfhsf] x/]s c+u c+udf dlxnfx?sf] c:tLTj हुg cfjZos 5 To;}n] dlxnf dfly kg]{ cGofo, cTofrf/, dlxnf of}g दुJo{jxf/ sf ;fy} ;dfhsf] l/lt cनु;f/sf dlxnfx?sf] cfjZos kg]{ ljleGg sfo{x?df o; dlxnf ;+u7g ljefun] cfk\mgf] xs / clwsf/sf] पू0f{ ?kdf ;दुk{of]u ug]{ 5 / ljz]if u/L o; ljefuaf6 dlxnfx?sf] pTyfg ug{ ljleGg tfnLdsf ;fy} ljleGg sfo{qmdx? ;dfhdf NofO cfk\mgf] sfo{n] ;dfhnfO{ of]ubfg lbg ;Sg]5 . o; ljefusf] पू0f{tfsf] nflu ;a} lqmoflzn ;ldlt tyf o; cGt/utsf ljefuLo ;ldltx? klg lgwf{/0f u/LPsf] 5 .
o; ljefusf lqmoflzn s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt ;b:ox?

#_ ;fF:s[lts ljefuM
g]kfnL ;+:sf/ cनु;f/sf] कुg} klg hg hftLsf rf8kj{x?df e]befj g/fvLsg ;a}nfO{ ;dfg?kdf o; ljefun] rflxPsf] cfjZos ;xof]u ug]{5, ljz]if ?kdf dgfOPsf a}7sx?, ;df/f]xx?, / hGdf]T;j h:tf sfo{qmd x?nfO{ klg पू0f{ ?kdf sfd u/L ;xof]u पु¥ofpg ;Sg] पु0f{ clwsf/ /xg] 5 .
o; ljefusf lqmoflzn s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt ;b:ox?

$_ lzIff ljefu
o; ljefun] yfO g]kfnL ;+3 cGt/utsf zfvfx?df g]kfnL efiff lzIff, c+u|]hL efiff tyf yfO efiff sDKयु6/ sIff nufot ljleGg l;kमुns tfnLdx?sf] Joj:yf tyf ljBfno hfg g;Sg] afnafnLsf sf] nflu ljBfno hfg ;Sg] jftfj/0fsf] ;[hgf ug]{5, o; ljefuaf6 lzIff dfk{mt x/]s afnafnLsf, युjf tyf j[¢x?nfO{ lzlIft agfpg] sfo{df z}lIfs sfo{qmd dfk{mt ljz]if of]ubfg /xg] 5 .
o; lzIff ljefusf lqmoflzn s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt ;b:ox?

%_ v]nकुb ljefu
o; ljefun] ;dfhdf /x]sf युjfx?nfO{ k|f]T;flxt u/fpg] p2]Zo cनु?k ljleGg v]nकुb, nufot Jofofd, s;/tsf ;fy{ ljleGg cj;/x?df k|ltof]ltufTds v]nx? v]nfO{ v]nf8L x?nfO{ cuf8L a9fpg of]ubfg पु¥ofpg] 5, v]nकुb ;DaGwL ;Dपू0f{ clwsf/ pkof]u ug]{ xs /xg] 5 .
o; ljefusf lqmoflzn s]GbLo ;b:ox?

^_ ;+u7g ljefu
o; ljefun] ;dfhdf /x]sf युjfx?nfO{ k|f]T;flxt u/fpg] p2]Zo cनु?k ljleGg ;fdflhs lqmofsnfksf] nflu युjf पु?if of dlxnfx?nfO{ ;xL af6f]df Nofpg] / ;+u7g dfk{mt ljleGg ;dflhs sfo{x?df ;xof]uL eO ;dfhnfO{ cu|ultdf n}hfg] dxTjपू0f{ भूlddf lgaf{x ug]{5 .
o; ljefusf lqmoflzn s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt ;b:ox?

&_ ;fdflhs ljefu
o; ljefun] ;dfhdf /x]sf x/]s k|sf/sf ;fdflhs ;d:of b]lv lnP/, ;fdflhs If]q leq /x]sf ;d:of / ljleGg sfo{ k|lt ulDe/ eP/, ;dfwfg / ;]jf ug]{ clg ;fdflhs bfloTjnfO{ सु/lIft /fVg] sfd b]lv lnP/ ;fdflhs l/lt l/jfh k|lt ;r]t eO ;dfhnfO{ ;]jf सुljwf पु¥ofpg] sfddf cu|;/ eP/ sfd ug]{ 5 .
o; ljefusf lqmoflzn s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt ;b:ox?

*_ wfld{s ljefu
o; ljefun] ;dfhdf ljBdfg /x]sf wd{, ;+:sf/sf कु/fx?nfO{ ljz]if 9+uaf6 ;lx dfu{ lgb{]z cनु;f/ ;a}n] ckgfpनु ePsf] cfk\mgf] wd{sf] l/jfhnfO{ सु/lIft kfg{sf] nflu / ;a}nfO{ wd{ dfk{mt dfu{ bz{g lb+b}, wd{ ;DalGwt cfO k/]sf कुg} klg ljjflbt ;d:ofnfO{ cfk\mgf cfk\mgf wd{ गु?x?sf] cfwf/df ;dfwfg u/L ;dfhnfO{ lt ;d:ofx?af6 arfpg ljz]if dxGj /fVg]5 . o; ljefusf] nflu ;dflhs dfGotf cनु;f/sf] g]kfnLx?n] ckgfpg] lxGदु ;gftg / af}¢ wd{ nfO{ cfwf/ dfgL cfk\mgf cfk\mgf ;+:sf/ cनु;f/ दुइ t/Lsfn] kl/eflift u/L ;a}sf] dfGotf cनु;f/ leGg leGg} ;ldltsf] u7g u/LPsf] 5 .
o; ljefusf lqmoflzn s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt ;b:ox?

(_ k|rf/ k|;f/ ljefu
o; ljefun] ;dfhdf /x]sf x/]s k|sf/sf ;fdflhs ultljlwx?nfO{ cjnf]sg u/L ;dfh dfk{mt ePsf s[ofsnfksf] kmf]6f] jf कुg} klg a:तु cfs[lt jf /]s8{sf] dfWodaf6 k|rf/ k|;f/ ub}{ ;fdflhs ultljlwnfO{ kq klqsf, ;+rf/ dfWod, j]j;fO6 dfWodaf6 b]lzo :t/ / cGt/fli6«o :t/df k|rf/ k|;f/ ug]{ sfd ug]{ 5 .
o; ljefusf lqmoflzn s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt ;b:ox?

yfO g]kfnL ;+3 zfvf ;ldlt tyf ;ldlt Joj:yfkg

ldlt @! gf]j]Da/ @)!) sf lbg, yfO g]kfnL ;+3 s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] klxnf] a}+7sn] lg0f{o u/] cनु;f/ yfO g]kfnL ;+3 cGtu{t b]z e/Lsf ;a} 7fpFx?df s]Gb|Lo s/0f ljwfgsf] cGtu{t lgDg yfO g]kfnL ;+3 zfvf tyf zfvf cGtu{t pkzfvf vf]nLPsf] 5 . yfO g]kfnL ;+3 cGtu{t vf]nLPsf zfvf tyf pkzfvfdf sfo{/t lqmoflzn ;b:o ;lxtsf] gfdfjnLx? o; k|sf/ /x]sf] 5 .
!_ yfO g]kfnL ;+3 a}+ss zfvf tyf pkzfvf ;ldlt Joj:yfkg
ldlt !@ l8;]Da/ @)!) sf lbg a}+sssf] ;a} If]qnfO{ ;d]6\g] u/L ldlt @! hgj/L @)!! sf lbg :yflkt yfO g]kfnL युjf hfu[lt ;+:yfnfO{, yfO g]kfnL ;+3sf] ljwfg cGtu{t, lqmoflzn ljefuLo ;ldlt ;lxt ( j6f pkzfvf x/fnfO{ ;d]t ldnfO yfO g]kfnL ;+3 a}+ss zfvf 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] lyof] .
yfO g]kfnL ;+3 a}+ss zfvf tyf pkzfvfsf ;ldltx?

a}+ss zfvf मुल ljefuLo प्रमुखहरू

yfO g]kfnL ;+3 a}+ss zfvf ;ldlt cGtu{tsf pkzfvfx? / k|मुvx?

@_ yfO g]kfnL ;+3 d];6 zfvf tyf pkzfvf ;ldlt Joj:yfkg
d];6sf] ;a} If]qnfO{ ;d]6\g] u/L ldlt !# hgj/L @)!) sf lbg yfO g]kfnL ;+3sf] ljwfg cGtu{t lqmoflzn ljefuLo ;ldlt ;lxt yfO g]kfnL ;+3 d];6 zfvf 3f]if0ff u/LPsf] lyof] .
yfO g]kfnL ;+3 d];6 zfvf tyf pkzfvfsf ;ldltx?

d];6 zfvf मुल ljefuLo प्रमुखहरू

#_ yfO g]kfnL ;+3 l5gdfO zfvf tyf pkzfvf ;ldlt Joj:yfkg
l5gdfOsf] ;a} If]qnfO{ ;d]6\g] u/L ldlt !$ hgj/L @)!) sf lbg yfO g]kfnL ;+3sf] ljwfg cGtu{t lqmoflzn ljefuLo ;ldlt ;lxt yfO g]kfnL ;+3 l5gdfO zfvf 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] lyof] .
yfO g]kfnL ;+3 l5gdfO zfvf tyf pkzfvfsf ;ldltx?

l5gdfO zfvf मुल ljefuLo प्रमुखहरू

$_ yfO g]kfnL ;+3 d];fO zfvf tyf pkzfvf ;ldlt Joj:yfkg
d];fOsf] ;a} If]qnfO{ ;d]6\g] u/L ldlt !% hgj/L @)!) sf lbg yfO g]kfnL ;+3sf] ljwfg cGtu{t lqmoflzn ljefuLo ;ldlt ;lxt yfO g]kfnL ;+3 d];fO zfvf 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] lyof] .
yfO g]kfnL ;+3 d];fO zfvf tyf pkzfvfsf ;ldltx?

d];fO zfvf मुल ljefuLo प्रमुखहरू

%_ yfO g]kfnL ;+3 kmt}of zfvf tyf pkzfvf ;ldlt Joj:yfkg
kmt}ofsf] ;a} If]qnfO{ ;d]6\g] u/L ldlt @% hgj/L @)!) sf lbg yfO g]kfnL ;+3sf] ljwfg cGtu{t lqmoflzn ljefuLo ;ldlt ;lxt yfO g]kfnL ;+3 kmt}of zfvf 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] lyof] .
yfO g]kfnL ;+3 kmt}of zfvf tyf pkzfvfsf ;ldltx?

kmt}of zfvf मुल ljefuLo प्रमुखहरू

^_ yfO g]kfnL ;+3 s;f]df]O zfvf tyf pkzfvf ;ldlt Joj:yfkg
s;f]df]Osf] ;a} If]qnfO{ ;d]6\g] u/L ldlt !% km/]j/L @)!) sf lbg yfO g]kfnL ;+3sf] ljwfg cGtu{t lqmoflzn ljefuLo ;ldlt ;lxt yfO g]kfnL ;+3 s;f]df]O zfvf 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] lyof] .
yfO g]kfnL ;+3 s;f]df]O zfvf tyf pkzfvfsf ;ldltx?

s;f]df]O zfvf मुल ljefuLo प्रमुखहरू

&_ yfO g]kfnL ;+3 फुs]6 zfvf tyf pkzfvf ;ldlt Joj:yfkg
फुs]6sf] ;a} If]qnfO{ ;d]6\g] u/L ldlt @) km/]j/L @)!) sf lbg yfO g]kfnL ;+3sf] ljwfg cGtu{t lqmoflzn ljefuLo ;ldlt ;lxt yfO g]kfnL ;+3 फुs]6 zfvf 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] lyof] .
yfO g]kfnL ;+3 फुs]6 zfvf tyf pkzfvfsf ;ldltx?

फुs]6 zfvf मुल ljefuLo प्रमुखहरू

*_ yfO g]kfnL ;+3 vf}nfs zfvf tyf pkzfvf ;ldlt Joj:yfkg
vf}nfssf] ;a} If]qnfO{ ;d]6\g] u/L ldlt @! km/]j/L @)!) sf lbg yfO g]kfnL ;+3sf] ljwfg cGtu{t lqmoflzn ljefuLo ;ldlt ;lxt yfO g]kfnL ;+3 vf}nfs zfvf 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] lyof] .
yfO g]kfnL ;+3 vf}nfs zfvf tyf pkzfvfsf ;ldltx?

vf}nfs zfvf मुल ljefuLo प्रमुखहरू

(_ yfO g]kfnL ;+3 s/aL zfvf tyf pkzfvf ;ldlt Joj:yfkg
s/aLsf] ;a} If]qnfO{ ;d]6\g] u/L ldlt @@ km/]j/L @)!) sf lbg yfO g]kfnL ;+3sf] ljwfg cGtu{t lqmoflzn ljefuLo ;ldlt ;lxt yfO g]kfnL ;+3 s/aL zfvf 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] lyof] .
yfO g]kfnL ;+3 s/aL zfvf tyf pkzfvfsf ;ldltx?

s/aL zfvf मुल ljefuLo प्रमुखहरू

!)_ yfO g]kfnL ;+3 हुjflxg zfvf tyf pkzfvf ;ldlt Joj:yfkg
हुjflxgsf] ;a} If]qnfO{ ;d]6\g] u/L ldlt @# km/]j/L @)!) sf lbg yfO g]kfnL ;+3sf] ljwfg cGtu{t lqmoflzn ljefuLo ;ldlt ;lxt yfO g]kfnL ;+3 हुjflxg zfvf 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] lyof] .
yfO g]kfnL ;+3 हुjflxg zfvf tyf pkzfvfsf ;ldltx?

हुjflxg zfvf मुल ljefuLo प्रमुखहरू

 

xfn ;Dd u7g eO;s]sf yfO g]kfnL ;+3 cGtu{tsf !) j6f zfvf / ( j6f pkzfvf ;ldltx?af6 ljleGg ;fdflhs lqmofsnfkx? klg eO/x]sf 5g\ .
oxfF x?nfO{ of] lstfa ljz]if hfgsf/Lsf] nflu s]Gb|Lo ;ldltaf6 k|bfg u/LPsf]] xf] o;sf] दु?kof]u gu/L lbनु xf]nf o; lstfadf n]lvPsf gfd / kmf]g gDa/ ;DalGwt JolQm jf ;ldlt afx]s c? s;}nfO{ klg glbनु xf]nf / o; lstfanfO{ kmf]6f]skL u/L af8\g jf ljt/0f ug{ ;Vt dgfxL 5 .

cWoIf
yfO g]kfnL ;+3 -s]Gb|_